In serving as chairman of the conference, Seward Hiltner, who also edited this volume, emphasized the unique opportunity and obligation of theology in relation to aging. Whitout overlooking the necessity multidisciplinary approaches to aging, Hitler pointed to the new conditions of the modern world together with the prospect of more change as providing theology with the opportunity to rethink the whole question, remaining true to its heritage, but translating it and, if need be, innovating, concerning the meaning of aging in the most fundamental sense. Hitler’s summary of the response by the participants attests to the stimulating character of the effort. What becomes obvious in this beginning theological rethinking of aging is that, for believers and non believers alike, theology has something to contribute to any comprehensive consideration of aging.