In his characteristically incisive remarks on the Uses of Symbolism, to be found in the closing pages of this book, A. N. White- head reminds us that there was a Latin proverb to the effect that "Nature, expelled with a pitchfork, ever returns." This proverb, said Whitehead, "is exemplified in the history of symbolism. However you may endeavor to expel it, it ever returns. Symbolism is no mere idle fancy or corrupt degeneration; it is inherent in the very texture of life. Language itself is a symbolism. And, as another example, however you may reduce the functions of your government to their utmost simplicity, yet symbolism remains' . .. Just as the feudal doctrine of a subordination of classes, reaching up to the ultimate over-lord, requires its symbolism, so does the doctrine of human equality obtain its symbolism. Mankind, it seems, has to find a symbol in order to express itself. Indeed 'expression' is 'symbolism'." As Rollo May points out in his opening chapter - The Significance of Symbols - "obviously the distinguished essays in this book need no introduction." He has therefore devoted his own essay to the study of symbols "as they come to us in psychoanalysis and psychology," based on the "rich, concrete data that comes to the hand of the practicing Psychoanalyst."