A revolution is taking place before our eyes. The underdeveloped countries are rejecting their situation of dependence and inequality in international relationships. The church of Jesus Christ has a role to pray in this revolution. It must help to make clear the distortions of a misshapen world in which hundreds of millions of human beings rack the bare necessities of rife. And it must help to heighten the consciousness of all those who have an obligation to mobilize and transform that world. Insofar as the church sets its mind on this task, it discovers the nature of the roles it is called upon to play. Its practice must be one of resisting and rejecting the organization and sacralization of societies on the oasis of inequality. Such a practice is one of the main strands of church tradition, though it was kept in the shadows during the centuries when Christianity served as the “civil religion” of the West. Here Vincent Cosmao shows how the gospel message can once again become a proclamation of good news for the poor and a divine force for the transformation of the world.